Modifications can be ordered in open and closed cases. What are the various abbreviations for court cases in Maryland? The law clerk will need to bring the proper ID to the Onboarding session or Judge's office to be verified. Preliminary Hearing -- A hearing held in the District Court, unless waived by defendant, to determine whether there is probable cause to believe the defendant committed the offense(s); available when offense(s) charged are not within the exclusive jurisdiction of the District Court. Merits -- Strict legal rights of the parties; a decision on the merits is one that reaches the right(s) of a party as distinguished from a disposition of the case on a ground not reaching the rights raised in the action; for example, in a criminal case double jeopardy does not apply if charges are nolle prossed before trial commences, and in a civil action res judicata does not apply if a previous action was dismissed on a preliminary motion raising a technicality such as improper service of process. All rights reserved. Return -- The act of a sheriff, constable, or other ministerial officer in delivering back to the court a writ, notice, or other paper which he was required to serve or execute with a brief account of his doings under the mandate, the time and mode of service or execution or his failure to accomplish it, as the case may be. Summons -- A writ notifying the person named that an action has been filed against the person and A person so served becomes a third-party defendant. Common Law -- That body of law that was originated in England and was brought to the United States. Presentment Before Grand Jury -- Presentation of evidence, including testimony of witnesses, by the States Attorney to the grand jury to establish probable cause that the accused committed the alleged offense and to seek issuance of an indictment. A witness who fails to comply with a subpoena. Indigent -- A person who is unable to afford the expense of a private counsel, payment of fines, and other related costs. Attorney Information System (AIS) - Centralized Judiciary database for Attorney Information, Attorney of Record -- An attorney who represents a party and has entered an appearance in an action. The purpose of this bond is to assure that the appellant will prosecute his appeal and will appear in court. Microfilm -- A photographic record on film of printed or other graphic matter. Action -- All the steps by which a party seeks to enforce any right in a court or all the steps of a criminal prosecution. For partial name searches, input at least the first character of the last name, followed by a % symbol. Collateral Security -- Any property or money pledged or given to guarantee bail. Commitment Order -- A court order directing that a person be kept in custody, usually in a penal or mental facility. Certiorari (writ of) (Trans: to be more fully informed) -- The process by which an appellate court calls for the records of a case from a lower court for review. Please note the % cannot be inserted at the beginning or middle of words. In the GR case, the state itself appoints lawyers for the plaintiffs, who are called public prosecutors (PPs). FORC CONT CR MT More Ask a lawyer - it's free! Case Law -- Decisions of federal and state courts interpreting and applying laws in specific fact situations; opinions are reported in various volumes. Presentment Before Grand Jury -- Presentation of evidence, including testimony of witnesses, by the States Attorney to the grand jury to establish probable cause that the accused committed the alleged offense and to seek issuance of an indictment. (Compare admission), Confidential Record -- An official record of which a statute prohibits public review, such as presentence investigation reports. Mandamus -- A court order compelling an individual to fulfill an official ministerial duty. Court -- Judge or body of judges whose task is to hear cases and administer justice. Emergency Evaluation -- Petition filed for issuance of an order by someone other than the subject for an emergency mental and/or physical evaluation that could result in involuntary admission to a facility. Split Sentence -- A sentence imposing a fine and imprisonment with the imprisonment part suspended or imposing a period of imprisonment, part of which is suspended and a period of probation is imposed. Summons -- A writ notifying the person named that an action has been filed against the person and Tenant Holding Over (THO) -- A landlord-tenant action filed by the lessor to repossess certain leased premises which the tenant has not vacated after notice. Acquittal -- The finding of a judge that the evidence is insufficient to support a conviction, or a verdict that the accused is not guilty. Mandamus -- A court order compelling an individual to fulfill an official ministerial duty. Subsequent Offender -- A defendant who, because of prior conviction, is subject to additional or mandatory statutory punishment for the offense charged. (Compare Public, Shielded, or Confidential Record). Note: Marital Property does not include property acquired before the marriage; acquired by inheritance or gift from a third party; excluded by valid agreement; acquired during the period that the parties voluntarily lived separate and apart without cohabitation and without interruption; directly traceable to any of these sources. Lien -- A claim upon the real property of another for some debt; the property remains in the defendants possession. Original Jurisdiction -- Jurisdiction of the first court to hear a case. Judicial Officer -- A judge or a District Court commissioner. Interrogatories -- A set of written questions for the purpose of discovery. No intermediate appellate court : Maryland : Maryland Court of Appeals (supreme court) Md. Posted on Jan 16, 2019 It means that it is a criminal case where attorneys are required to file electronically. Use the clear button to clear all fields and begin your search again. Writ of Execution -- An order of court commanding performance of a specified act or granting authority to have the action done. Procedural Law -- The method, established normally by rules, to be followed in a case; the formal steps in a judicial proceeding. Indictment -- A charging document returned by a grand jury and filed in a circuit court. A person so served becomes a third-party defendant. Moot -- Issue previously decided or settled. Pretrial Release -- The release by a judicial officer of a defendant, prior to trial, under conditions that the judicial officer feels will reasonably assure the defendants appearance as required. Collateral Security -- Any property or money pledged or given to guarantee bail. Escrow -- The placing of money, a deed, or real property in the hands of a third party to be held until the performance of a condition. It is also used by the judge if he finds that the accused committed a criminal offense or a traffic infraction. Action -- All the steps by which a party seeks to enforce any right in a court or all the steps of a criminal prosecution. Mediation -- A form of alternative dispute resolution in which a trained neutral person, a mediator, helps people in a dispute to communicate with one another, understand each other, and if possible, reach agreements that meet the participants needs. Case Codes for Circuit Court. U.S. District Court -- Federal trial court with general jurisdiction. A warrant issued in connection with an indictment or information is still active (unless the warrant remains unserved for one year or longer) Parties must keep the Clerk's Office notified of current mailing address (es) in all pending cases. Enforcement -- Action taken to obtain compliance with a court order. Prima Facie -- Evidence good and sufficient on its face. Charging Document -- A written accusation alleging that a defendant has committed an offense, including a citation, an indictment, an information, and or a statement of charges. Judgments. Incarceration -- Imprisonment; confinement in a jail or penitentiary. ADA -- A Federal law that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities (Americans with Disabilities Act). (Also known as Reconsideration). Counter Complaint -- A claim filed by a defendant in a civil case against the plaintiff. Accommodations - Assistance with special needs and interpreters. Civil-- Criminal-- Family-- Juvenile-- Probate-- General. Oral Examination -- A request by plaintiff (judgment creditor) to discover the assets of a defendant (judgment debtor) after entry of judgment. Appellate Court -- A court having jurisdiction to review the judgment or order of a lower court. Upon entry of a dismissal, except a dismissal without prejudice, the matter has effectively ended. Regular Estate Judicial (RJ) - A proceeding conducted by the Orphans' Court when matters cannot be handled administratively. Bench -- The body of judges composing a court. Bill of Particulars -- A demand by a defendant in writing, unless otherwise ordered by the court, seeking specific factual details about a civil complaint or criminal charge; in a criminal case, the purpose of the bill of particulars is to guard against the taking of an accused by surprise by limiting the scope of the proof. Custody Case -- The type of proceeding in which the court determines which parent, other adult, or agency shall have physical control over a child. Surety Bond -- A bond posted by a surety insurer ensuring that the penalty sum will be paid if the conditions of the bond are not satisfied. District Court -- Lowest State trial court; a court of limited jurisdiction. All rights reserved. Suppress -- To stop, prohibit, prevent, subdue; with respect to evidence, to prevent its use by showing it was obtained illegally or is irrelevant. Interrogatories -- A set of written questions for the purpose of discovery. Exception -- A formal objection to an action of the court during trial, evidencing the objecting partys disagreement with the courts ruling and preserving the matter for review on appeal. Trial De Novo -- From the beginning; appeal in which the reviewing court completely retries the case. It also includes a probable cause determination on a warrantless arrest and advice of preliminary hearing in felony cases. Petition for Expungement -- A written request for expungement of Court and police records. Subsequent Offender -- A defendant who, because of prior conviction, is subject to additional or mandatory statutory punishment for the offense charged. Appellate Court -- A court having jurisdiction to review the judgment or order of a lower court. Appellant -- The party who takes an appeal from one court to another. Mistrial -- A trial that has been terminated and declared void due to prejudicial error in the proceedings or other extraordinary circumstances. 1. in a criminal action, failure to appear may result in a bench warrant being issued for the persons arrest. (Compare Public, Sealed, or Shielded Records). Confessed Judgment -- An action seeking final judgment based upon a person agreeing, in advance, to the entry of judgment against them upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, such as making a payment. Garnishee -- A person holding the property or assets of a judgment debtor. Remand -- An action by the court that sends a case to another court or agency for further action. 959 P.2d 128 (1998), the officer's use of . Removal -- Change of location (venue) of a case on the grounds that a party cannot receive a fair and impartial trial in the jurisdiction in which the action is pending. Rebuttal -- The act of contradicting or overcoming the effect of a presumption or evidence. It used to be just 'CR.'. (See: Huger v. State, 285 Md. Third Party Claim -- A defendant may cause a summons and complaint to be served upon a person not a party to the action who is or may be liable to the defendant for all or part of a plaintiffs claim against the defendant. Ordinance -- The enactments of the legislative body of a local government. Conviction -- The determination of guilt based on a plea, a jury verdict, or a finding of a judge. Transcript -- The official typed record of court proceedings, including the word for word testimony of witnesses, statements by attorneys, rulings by the judge, etc., prepared by the court reporter from stenographic notes or electronic recording made during the proceeding. Semi-colons are used to separate comments. 2. 1. Superior Court Case Types Superior Court JIS Case Type, Cause Code, Participant Type The table below shows cause codes and JIS participant types that are valid for each case type. Suspend -- To set aside all or part of a sentence. Recall -- Cancellation by the court of a warrant before its execution by the arrest of the defendant. Immunity from Prosecution -- Protection from prosecution in exchange for testimony that might not otherwise by forthcoming. Split Sentence -- A sentence imposing a fine and imprisonment with the imprisonment part suspended or imposing a period of imprisonment, part of which is suspended and a period of probation is imposed. Count -- A separate charge in a charging document or separate cause of action in a civil complaint. Return -- The act of a sheriff, constable, or other ministerial officer in delivering back to the court a writ, notice, or other paper which he was required to serve or execute with a brief account of his doings under the mandate, the time and mode of service or execution or his failure to accomplish it, as the case may be. Sua Sponte --Of its own will; commonly when a judge does something without being so requested by any party in a case. Deposition -- Pretrial examination of a witness on written or oral questions answered under oath, used to discover the witness testimony in preparation for trial, and admissible at trial in lieu of live testimony if the witness is unavailable or refused to testify. Indigent -- A person who is unable to afford the expense of a private counsel, payment of fines, and other related costs. Cross Claim -- A claim asserted between co-defendants or co-plaintiffs and in a case that relates to the subject of the original claim or counterclaim. Cross Claim -- A claim asserted between co-defendants or co-plaintiffs and in a case that relates to the subject of the original claim or counterclaim. Service -- Delivery of a writ, notice, injunction, etc., by an authorized person, to a person who is thereby officially notified of some action or proceeding in which the person is concerned. Typically defendants enter one of the following pleas: guilty, not guilty, or nolo contendere. Tort (Trans: twisted) -- An injury or damage to person/or property for which the person who caused the injury is legally responsible. Landlords Complaint for failure to pay rent -- An action for the recovery of possession of real property. Private Process Server -- An adult private person, not a party to a case, used to deliver a summons, subpoena, or other court order. Writ of Garnishment of Wages -- An order of court commanding that a portion of the defendants wages are deducted regularly and paid to the plaintiff to satisfy a judgment. Docket Number -- Case number; the designation assigned to each case filed in a particular court. 0 found this answer helpful | 0 lawyers agree 2 attorney answers Posted on Feb 10, 2018 These are the acronyms given for the Clerks' offices to categorize different types of cases. Read More. Appearance -- A coming into the court in person or by filing a paper, as plaintiff, defendant, or legal representative. Peace Officer -- A person charged with the duty to enforce and preserve the public peace. Alford Plea -- A special type of guilty plea by which the defendant does not admit guilt but concedes that the State has sufficient evidence to convict; normally made to avoid the threat of greater punishment. Offense -- A violation of the criminal laws of this State or any political subdivision thereof. Exception -- A formal objection to an action of the court during trial, evidencing the objecting partys disagreement with the courts ruling and preserving the matter for review on appeal. Petitioner -- The person requesting the court's help. Exhibits -- Documents and other tangible things that are attached to a pleading or offered as evidence in a case, after being marked for identification. In Forma Pauperis -- Frequently used by inmates filing papers to seek waiver of prepayment of filing fees in State courts. When you're done, the program automatically generates your completed forms, along with detailed instructions on what to do next. A material witness in a criminal case. Examination in Aid of Enforcement of Judgment -- A request by plaintiff (judgment creditor) to discover the assets of a defendant (judgment debtor) after entry of judgment. Note: Marital Property does not include property acquired before the marriage; acquired by inheritance or gift from a third party; excluded by valid agreement; acquired during the period that the parties voluntarily lived separate and apart without cohabitation and without interruption; directly traceable to any of these sources. (Compare Sealed, Shielded or Confidential Record). Levy -- A setting aside of the defendants property made by the sheriff or constable; this property is placed in custody of law. Anyway, I have been looking at the Case Search for the past year and the case has been listed the same, active. Plea Agreement -- Agreement between the prosecutor and the defendant to exchange a plea of guilty or nolo contendere for reduction in the charge(s) or leniency in sentencing. Clerk -- An officer of the court who maintains case files, makes docket entries, issues process, and generally serves as the ministerial arm of the court. Review of Sentence -- Review of a criminal sentence by a three judge panel (excluding the sentencing judge) on application of the defendant; as a result of the review, the sentence may be increased, decreased, or remain unchanged. and prior criminal record of the defendant and, in certain cases, a victim impact statement. General Jurisdiction -- the unlimited authority over cases brought before the court to decide rights and grant remedies available under the law; circuit courts are courts of general jurisdiction. Appellate Court of Maryland -- Marylands intermediate appellate court wherein review is ordinarily a matter of right. A witness who fails to comply with a subpoena.
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