In this study, we aimed to identify the medical conditions that may influence lung function impairment at 12 months after SARS-CoV2 infection and to analyze the role of alpha-1 antytripsin (AAT) deficiciency (AATD). COVID-19 Adult Quick Clinical Guide: Initial Considerations and Workup Clinical Manifestations* Fever 44-98% (less common earlier in course) Cough 46-82% Myalgias 35% Shortness of breath 20-64% URI symptoms 5-25%*Note: a wide spectrum of symptoms and presentations has been reported High Risk Groups Demographics: Age > 65, male Authorized assays for viral testing include those that detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid or antigen. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. Login. This study found that a noticeable amount of COVID-19-recovered patients still had (n = 24, 21%) persistent symptoms. 2023 University of Rochester Medical CenterRochester, NY, Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Monroe County Community Health Improvement Plan. Follow-up of adults with non-critical COVID-19 two months after symptoms onset. The three most frequent persistent symptoms were Fatigue (54%), Dyspnea (29%) and Anosmia (25%). Li J, Huang DQ, Zou B, Yang H, Hui WZ, Rui F, et al. Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Neurological Manifestations of Non-Severe COVID-19-A Multidirectional Approach. Testing for the virus that causes COVID-19 involves taking a mucus sample from your upper respiratory tract. ACS Chem Neurosci. PDF Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Test Result Interpretation in Patient Critical Values | Labcorp Talk with Epidemiology of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes. iGraph package. Available from: https://igraph.org/, Sandmann S. Network analysis of onset and persistent symptoms in COVID 19 patients. Post Covid / Vaccine Check (67 Tests) Rs. Some patients with COVID-19 may develop signs of a hypercoagulable state and be at increased risk for venous and arterial thrombosis of large and small vessels.4,5Laboratory abnormalities commonly observed among hospitalized patients with COVID-19-associated coagulopathy include: Elevated D-dimer levels have been strongly associated with greater risk of death.4, 6-8. PRT and RV have jointly supervised the work and contributed equally as co-senior authors. An example is a negative strep test. The median age was 57 years . SSRN 21, 3566166 (2020). Patients with persistent symptoms had significantly lower serum IgA levels. In a case study, researchers at UC Davis Health document leukoerythroblastic reactions in the blood work of the patient who is the first known case of community-acquired COVID-19 in the U.S. The unusual findings of leukoerythroblastosis in a patient with COVID-19 are very important to note, said John Paul Graff, assistant professor of hematopathology at UC Davis Health and senior author on this study. The CLIA-defined reporting requirements are required for laboratory reporting and should be used as the basis for laboratory and public health reporting standards. Visit our Alabama COVID-19 Dashboard Hub (Shortened Link: arcg.is/0brSGj) which houses all of our COVID-19 dashboards, including the Community Levels for General Public and the Community Transmission Levels for Healthcare Facilities. Al-Aly Z, Xie Y, Bowe B. High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequalae of COVID-19. Secretory IgA is an important factor of mucosal immunity for neutralization of toxins and pathogenic microbes30,31. Nucleated red blood cell on the left and immature white blood cells on the right. This is related to the Test Result Value element and is closely linked to provide interpretation by a laboratorian about the result value in relation to the reference ranges for the particular patient. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes abnormal laboratory results of Viral tests look for a current infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by testing specimens from your nose or mouth. An official website of the United States government. MD, HHS, RV and PRT were involved in the supervision of the project. One example is the hormone that is a sign of pregnancy. & McGoogan, J. M. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in china: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention. Nat. 4 0 obj As the patient got better, the neutrophilia resolved, and the other blood indicators were back to normal ranges. The test is done with a blood sample. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the This study aimed to identify the related risk factors and potential predictors of SARS-CoV-2 RNA negative conversion by describing the dynamics of viral shedding in infected children admitted to two hospitals from Shanghai during the Omicron variant outbreak. Epub 2023 Feb 1. (2020). The main strength of our study is the integration of detailed symptoms duration and raw lab-data, which enabled not only assessment of out of range values but also differences within the physiological range. Interim Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines for Handling and Processing Specimens Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)) As some lab-values return to normal levels over a certain time, some lab tests and association with symptom persistence could have faded out and thus failed to show significance in our analysis. Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases. It also can show how your body reacted to COVID-19 vaccines. Patients with persistent symptoms had significantly lower serum IgA concentration, which requires further studies to understand detailed pathogenesis. Lupus Anticoagulant and Abnormal Coagulation Tests in Patients with The site is secure. Tests on a blood sample to look for the AAT protein. Decreased values can be observed for eGFR and absolute Lymphocyte count. Investigation for COVID-19 in Healthcare Settings. SS conducted data analyses. Mucosal. Zhao, Q. et al. The findings were published March 25 in the American Journal . Our subgroup analyses showed that patients with lymphopenia experienced more frequently persistent symptoms. 2021. Bookshelf Varghese, J., Sandmann, S., Ochs, K. et al. JAMA 324(6), 603605 (2020). If 3021 N San Fernando Blvd. The COVID-19 antibody test is not used to diagnose a current infection with COVID-19. your arm or hand. 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000819 BMJ. . Moreover, the different follow-up times also lead to different time distances between last day of symptoms and the actual lab-assessment. In conclusion, lymphopenia persisted in a noticeable percentage of recovered patients. Platelet parameters and leukocyte morphology is altered in COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients with similar symptomatology. Sofie Bliddal, Karina Banasik, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Adam G. Laing, Anna Lorenc, Adrian C. Hayday, Mahalul Azam, Rina Sulistiana, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Pere Millat-Martinez, Arvind Gharbharan, COnV-ert study group, Maryam A. Y. Al-Nesf, Houari B. Abdesselem, Fares Al-Ejeh, G. Fonseca-Gonzlez, M. Alamilla-Snchez, J. The researchers also noted that abnormal levels of 20 proteins predicted the incidence of long COVID. 2023 Feb-Mar;35(1):80-83. doi: 10.55519/JAMC-01-11188. doi: 10.7759/cureus.34894. PubMed Diao, B. et al. Lab values and corresponding reference ranges were queried from the laboratory information system. Leukemia 34(7), 17261729 (2020). As her respiratory symptoms worsened, the patient needed intubation and ventilation. >GdbWH0)wMnU2# }W%hW0};4xn?V+Pgx~/lt]h.kO%kx1tw`Nk]3C,]G|qxDj??/{CdUc? observed 87.2% of patients having persistent symptom with mean follow-up of around 60days. Some patients with COVID-19 may develop signs of a hypercoagulable state and be at increased risk for venous and arterial thrombosis of large and small vessels. Your test results may be different depending on the lab used. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China. Lab Test Results: What to Expect - WebMD Persistent symptoms and lab abnormalities in patients who recovered from COVID-19. Nature. 2020 Dec 11;20(1):952. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05678-0. RV, KO, IMS, CF and PRT were involved in data acquisition and preparation. With Labcorp OnDemand, you can purchase the same tests trusted by doctors, directly from Labcorp. 2023 Feb 12;15(2):e34894. 9(1), 761770 (2020). J. Hematol. Or you can have negative or not detected test result means that the virus that causes COVID-19 was not found in your sample. your healthcare provider about what your test results mean. Shop All Tests. All authors significantly contributed to the manuscript and approved for publication. Chin Med J (Engl). Potential conflict of interest None declared. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan China. Because it may reveal a There is rising evidence of bone marrow damage due to SARS-CoV-2 infection of hematopoietic stem cells27. COVID-19 test Information | Mount Sinai - New York Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. Menter, T. et al. As noted on the CDC's Reporting COVID-19 Laboratory Data page, standard use of these laboratory terminology codes ensures that the same type of test is represented uniformly across the United States. advise talking with a genetic counselor before getting a medical test that will stay A procedure that involves taking a tiny sample of your liver to look 11, 827 (2020). Calvao-Schneider et al. He, Z. et al. 4). Analysis of placental pathology after COVID-19 by - ScienceDirect 116 patients were included, age range was 1869years (median: 41) with follow-ups ranging from 22 to 102days. conditions such as kidney disease, malnutrition, and some cancers. Absolute lymphocyte count over time. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/clinical-care/post-covid-conditions.html. In 13% of the cases they persisted for 60 days and longer. Use appropriate personal protective equipment when collecting and handling specimens from individuals suspected of having COVID-19 as outlined in the CDC . The acute phase of COVID-19 infection is defined by the symptoms occurring the first 4 weeks after initial symptom onset [8, 9].While evidence about stages beyond the acute phase is still evolving, some suggest the presence of symptoms beyond 12 weeks from onset of illness comprises post-acute COVID-19 syndrome as one group . and JavaScript. Renegar, K. B. Laboratory abnormalities in severe disease are further described in Table 7.2. Clin Infect Dis [Internet]. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng188/chapter/Common-symptoms-of-ongoing-symptomatic-COVID-19-and-post-COVID-19-syndrome, CDC. After participation in the online-survey, 122 patients were screened eligible and attended the outpatient clinic for final assessment during June and September 2020. Among patients with persistent symptoms (n=24), the three most frequent persistent symptoms were Fatigue (n=13, 54%, min=28d, max94d), Dyspnea (29%, min=25d, max102d) and Anosmia (25%, min=41d, max91d). Qin, C. et al. A needle is used to draw blood from a vein in In comparison, there were no significant changes regarding total IgG, IgM and all other lab-tests in Table 2. A test result can be: Positive when something is present. Analysis of clinical specimens to obtain information about the health of a patient. likelythat you will developserious lung or liver problems. The COVID-19 virus test is not used to test your immunity to COVID-19. Pregnant people are at increased risk for severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness. Figure3 shows the network analysis of onset and persistent symptoms. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Cochrane Database Syst. 2020;133:108795. Test Interpretation (Abnormal Flag) | Interoperability Standards Liver function tests. Impact Of Severity Of Covid-19 On Haematological Parameters In Patients Reporting To Saidu Group Of Teaching Hospitals, Swat. Dugas M, Grote-Westrick T, Vollenberg R, Lorentzen E, Brix T, Schmidt H, et al. Figure1 illustrates the screening process and data collection. What the blood tests of a COVID-19 patient can tell us - news 2020;155:14351. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in NICE; [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Laboratory-based changes in biomarkers can be more reliable indicators of response to . Tinnitus was added as new symptom as it did not occur in the structured standard. The disorder can cause liver and lung diseases. Klopfenstein, T. et al. This case describes a scenario in which a patient had abnormal intraoperative oozing in the face of a retrospectively-positive test for SARS-CoV-2, no symptoms of COVID-19 at the time of initial presentation, and acutely abnormal COVID lab results (including abnormal D-Dimer, troponins, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein), in the . FOIA PDF CHARTING REFERENCE INTERVALS AND FLAGGING ABNORMAL RESULTS - ARUP Lab Several haematological parameters, such as platelets, white blood cell total count, lymphocytes, neutrophils, (together with neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratio), and haemoglobin were described to be associated with COVID-19 infection and severity. are a carrier, or two damaged genes, which means you have AAT deficiency. 2021 Dec;26(1):1007-1012. doi: 10.1080/16078454.2021.2005311. 1(1), 1122 (2008). A blood test result more typically seen in disorders associated with bone marrow diseases was found in a patient with COVID-19, a viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Blood test for long COVID: Could blood proteins predict risk? Results: Elevated neutrophil-to-LYM ratio (NLR), D-dimer (D-D), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-2, interferon-Y, and age were significantly associated with the severity of illness. Severe COVID-19 is associated with elevated serum IgA and antiphospholipid IgA-antibodies. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. A complete blood count-based multivariate model for predicting the recovery of patients with moderate COVID-19: a retrospective study, Acute and persistent symptoms in non-hospitalized PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients, A dynamic COVID-19 immune signature includes associations with poor prognosis, Recurrent SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Prospective individual patient data meta-analysis of two randomized trials on convalescent plasma for COVID-19 outpatients, Prognostic tools and candidate drugs based on plasma proteomics of patients with severe COVID-19 complications, Impact of plasmapheresis on severe COVID-19, Distinct blood inflammatory biomarker clusters stratify host phenotypes during the middle phase of COVID-19, Hematological features of persons with COVID-19, https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.12.20211599, https://sand-imi-uni-muenster.shinyapps.io/CovidSymptomNetwork/, https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng188/chapter/Common-symptoms-of-ongoing-symptomatic-COVID-19-and-post-COVID-19-syndrome, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/clinical-care/post-covid-conditions.html, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7445491/, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1496/5913451, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Research article network analysis of polymicrobial chronic wound infections in Masanga, Sierra Leone, Long-term comprehensive cardiopulmonary phenotyping of COVID-19, Long-haul COVID: healthcare utilization and medical expenditures 6months post-diagnosis, Pathophysiology of Post-COVID syndromes: a new perspective, Metabolic correlates of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 and Parkinsons disease (PD) do not overlap. Lymphopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: A systemic review and meta-analysis. The patient has since been discharged and is recovering at home. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Californias COVID-19 State of Emergency ends today. More information on hypercoagulability and COVID-19 is available from the American Society of Hematology and NIH: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients with COVID-19. 2020 Apr 17;2020.04.14.20059733. JV established the study design, preprocessed the data and wrote the manuscript. It also showed neutrophilia, highlighting the bodys rush to produce WBCs to fight the infection. However, significant and sustained decreases were observed in the LYM subset (p<0.05). test for the gene. Comparing the two patient cohorts with (n=92) vs without persistent symptoms (n=24), no significant difference can be observed regarding age (t-test, p=0.2497) and gender (Fishers exact test, p=0.3415).Follow-up ranged from 22 to 102days. All insurances accepted. This information can be used to identify areas that require additional work to raise the overall classification level and consideration for inclusion in future versions of USCDI, - Must be represented by a vocabulary standard or an element of a published technical specification, - Used in limited production environments, 1 or 2 different systems, - Demonstrates exchange between 2 or 3 organizations with different EHR/HIT systems, - Used by many, but not most, patients, providers or events requiring its use, Interoperability Standards Advisory (ISA), Sources of Security Standards and Security Patterns, State and Local Public Health Readiness for Interoperability, Unique Device Identifier(s) for a Patients Implantable Device(s), Administrative Transaction Acknowledgements, Enrollment and Disenrollment in a Health Plan, Health Care Eligibility Benefit Inquiry and Response, Health Care Eligibility Benefit Inquiry and Response for Retail Pharmacy Coverage, Administrative Transactions to Financial Exchanges, Electronic Funds Transfer for Payments to Health Care Providers, Health Care Payment and Remittance Advice, Health Plan Premium Payments for Covered Members, Administrative Transactions to Support Clinical Care, Health Care Attachments to Support Claims, Referrals and Authorizations, Referral Certification and Authorization for Pharmacy Transactions, Referral Certification and Authorization Request and Response for Dental, Professional and Institutional Services, Health Care Claims and Coordination of Benefits, Health Care Claim Status Request and Response, Health Care Claims or Equivalent Encounter Information for Dental Claims, Health Care Claims or Equivalent Encounter Information for Institutional Claims, Health Care Claims or Equivalent Encounter Information for Professional Claims, Health Care Claims or Equivalent Encounter Information for Retail Pharmacy Claims, Health Care Claims or Equivalent Encounter Information for Retail Pharmacy Supplies and Professional Services, Operating Rules to Support Administrative Transactions, Operating Rules for Enrollment and Disenrollment, Operating Rules for Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) and Electronic Remittance Advice (ERA), Operating Rules for Prior Authorization and Referrals, Operating Rules to Support Claim Status Transactions, Operating Rules to Support Electronic Prescribing Transactions, Operating Rules to Support Eligibility Transactions, Appendix I Sources of Security Standards and Security Patterns, Appendix III - Educational and Informational Resources, Understanding Emerging API-Based Standards, Understanding Observations and Observation Values, Appendix IV - State and Local Public Health Readiness for Interoperability, Sending a Notification of a Long-Term Care Patients Admission, Discharge and/or Transfer Status to the Servicing Pharmacy, Sending a Notification of a Patients Admission, Discharge and/or Transfer Status to Other Providers, Sending a Notification of a Patients Encounter to a Record Locator Service, Referral from Acute Care to a Skilled Nursing Facility, Referral to a Specialist - Request, Status Updates, Outcome, Referral to Extra-Clinical Services - Request, Updates, Outcome, Documenting and Sharing Care Plans for a Single Clinical Context, Documenting and Sharing Medication-Related Care Plans by Pharmacists, Documenting Care Plans for Person Centered Services, Domain or Disease-Specific Care Plan Standards, Sharing Patient Care Plans for Multiple Clinical Contexts, Communicate Appropriate Use Criteria with the Order and Charge to the Filling Provider and Billing System for Inclusion on Claims, Provide Access to Appropriate Use Criteria, Clinical Quality Measurement and Reporting, Reporting Aggregate Quality Data for Quality Reporting Initiatives, Reporting Patient-level Quality Data for Quality Reporting Initiatives, Sharing Quality Measure Artifacts for Quality Reporting Initiatives, Establishing the Authenticity, Reliability, and Trustworthiness of Content Between Trading Partners, Exchanging Diet and Nutrition Orders Across the Continuum of Care, Family Health History (Clinical Genomics), Representing Family Health History for Clinical Genomics, Format for Sharing Social Care Services Information, Format for Structuring and Sharing Social Care Directory Information, Format of Medical Imaging Reports for Exchange and Distribution, Format of Radiation Exposure Dose Reports for Exchange and Distribution, Format of Radiology Reports for Exchange and Distribution, Medical Image Formats for Data Exchange and Distribution, Exchange InVitro Diagnostics (IVD) Orders and Results, Transmit Laboratory Directory of Services to Provider System, Medical Device Communication to Other Information Systems/Technologies, Transmitting Patient Vital Signs from Medical Devices to Other Information Systems/Technologies, Clinical Information Systems to Request Context-Specific Clinical Knowledge From Online Resources, Patient Identity/Identification Management, Recording Patient Preferences for Electronic Consent to Access and/or Share their Health Information with Other Care Providers, Allows Pharmacy Benefit Payers to Communicate Formulary and Benefit Information to Prescriber Systems, Allows a Long Term or Post-Acute Care to Request to Send an Additional Supply of Medication, Allows a Pharmacy to Notify a Prescriber of Prescription Fill Status, Allows a Pharmacy to Request Additional Refills, Allows a Pharmacy to Request a Change to a Prescription, Allows a Pharmacy to Request a New Prescription For a New Course of Therapy or to Continue Therapy, Allows a Pharmacy to Request, Respond to or Confirm a Prescription Transfer, Allows a Prescriber or a Pharmacy to Request a Patients Medication History, Allows a Prescriber to Cancel a Prescription, Allows a Prescriber to Communicate Drug Administration Events, Allows a Prescriber to Communicate with a REMS Administrator, Allows a Prescriber to Prescribe Medication Using Weight-Based Dosing, Allows a Prescriber to Recertify the Continued Administration of a Medication Order, Allows a Prescriber to Request a Patients Medication History from a State Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP), Allows a Prescriber to Request, Cancel or Appeal Prior Authorization for Medications, Allows a Prescriber to Send a New Prescription to a Pharmacy, Allows a Prescriber to Send a Prescription to a Pharmacy for a Controlled Substance, Allows for Communication of Prescription Information Between Prescribers and Dispensers, Allows for the Exchange of State Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) Data, Data Submission for Title X Family Planning Annual Reporting, Electronic Transmission of Reportable Laboratory Results to Public Health Agencies, Exchanging Immunization Data with Immunization Registries, Newborn Screening Results and Birth Defect Reporting to Public Health Agencies, Reporting Antimicrobial Use and Resistance Information to Public Health Agencies, Reporting Birth and Fetal Death to Public Health Agencies, Reporting Cancer Cases to Public Health Agencies, Reporting Death Records to Public Health Agencies, Reporting Syndromic Surveillance to Public Health (Emergency Department, Inpatient, and Urgent Care Settings), Sending Health Care Survey Information to Public Health Agencies, Data Collection for Submission to Registries and Reporting Authorities, Prepopulation of Research Forms from Electronic Health Records, Submission of Clinical Research Data Contained in EHRs and Other Health IT Systems for General Purpose or Preserving Specific FDA Requirements, Submission of Clinical Research Data to FDA to Support Product Marketing Applications, Submit Adverse Event Report from an Electronic Health Record to Drug Safety Regulators, Support a Transition of Care or Referral to Another Health Care Provider, Defining a Globally Unique Device Identifier, Representing Unique Implantable Device Identifiers, An Unsolicited "Push" of Clinical Health Information to a Known Destination and Information System User, An Unsolicited Push of Clinical Health Information to a Known Destination Between Systems, Push Communication of Vital Signs from Medical Devices, Remote Patient Monitoring to Support Chronic Condition Management, Patient Education and Patient Engagement, Providing Patient-Specific Assessments and Recommendations Based on Patient Data for Clinical Decision Support, Retrieval of Contextually Relevant, Patient-Specific Knowledge Resources from Within Clinical Information Systems to Answer Clinical Questions Raised by Patients in the Course of Care, Consumer Access/Exchange of Health Information, Collection and Exchange of Patient-Reported Outcomes, Patient Exchanging Secure Messages with Care Providers, Push Patient-Generated Health Data into Integrated EHR, Remote Patient Authorization and Submission of EHR Data for Research, View, Download and Transmit Data from EHR, Listing of Providers for Access by Potential Exchange Partners, Exchanging Images Outside a Specific Health Information Exchange Domain, Exchanging Images Within a Specific Health Information Exchange Domain, Exchanging Patient Identification Within and Between Communities, Transport for Immunization Submission and Query/Response, Data Element Based Query for Clinical Health Information, Query for Documents Outside a Specific Health Information Exchange Domain, Query for Documents Within a Specific Health Information Exchange Domain, Finding and Retrieving Human Services Information, Representing Patient Allergies and Intolerances; Environmental Substances, Representing Patient Allergies and Intolerances; Food Substances, Representing Patient Allergies and Intolerances; Medications, Representing Non-Imaging and Non-Laboratory Clinical Tests, Representing Patient Contact Information for Telecommunications, Representing Nutrition Assessment, Diagnosis, Interventions and Monitoring/Evaluation, Representing Health Care Data for Emergency Medical Services, Representing Assessment and Plan of Treatment, Representing Patient Dental Encounter Diagnosis, Representing Patient Medical Encounter Diagnosis, Representing Patient Family Health History, Representing Patient Functional Status and/or Disability, Health Care Providers, Family Members and Other Caregivers, Representing Provider Role in Team Care Settings, Representing Relationship Between Patient and Another Person, Imaging (Diagnostics, Interventions and Procedures), Representing Imaging Diagnostics, Interventions and Procedures, Representing Clinical/Nursing Assessments, Representing Patient Problems for Nursing, Patient Clinical Problem List (i.e., "Conditions"), Representing Patient Clinical Problems (i.e., Conditions), Representing Patient Preferred Language (Presently), Representing Medical Procedures Performed, Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Representing Hospital/Facility Beds Utilization, Representing Laboratory Operations (Population Laboratory Surveillance), Representing Population-Level Morbidity and Mortality, Representing Data for Biomedical and Health Services Research Purposes, Sex at Birth, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, Representing Patient-Identified Sexual Orientation, Social, Psychological and Behavioral Data, Representing Exposure to Violence (Intimate Partner Violence), Representing Social Connection and Isolation, Representing Patient Electronic Cigarette Use (Vaping), Representing Patient Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure, Representing Patient Tobacco Use (Smoking Status), Representing Units of Measure (For Use with Numerical References and Values), Representing Job, Usual Work, and Other Work Information, http://www.hl7.org/implement/standards/product_brief.cfm?product_id=98 LRI: http://www.hl7.org/implement/standards/product_brief.cfm?product_id=279 FHIR observation in US Core lab observation profile: https://build.fhir.org/ig/HL7/US-Core/Struct, http://www.hl7.org/implement/standards/product_brief.cfm?product_id=279, https://build.fhir.org/ig/HL7/US-Core/StructureDefinition-us-core-observation-lab.html, https://art-decor.ihe-europe.net/art-decor/decor-templates--XDLAB-?section=templates&id=1.3.6.1.4.1.19376.1.3.1.6&effectiveDate=2008-08-08T00:00:00&language=en-US, https://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem-v3-ObservationInterpretation.html, THIA Comment on Laboratory: Result Interpretation, CAP Comment on Test Interpretation (Abnormal Flag) Data Element, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
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